Charlie Bennett first wrote the words “quantum information theory” in his notebook in 1970. Paul Benioff, Richard Feynman, Yuri Manin, and other quantum computing pioneers of the early 1980s used math and theoretical quantum mechanics to argue their case. Their message was clear: A computer is a physical system. If you want to efficiently compute the “non-computable,” you had to rethink how to do computation. Quantum mechanics offers a rich computational model— therefore, we had to build
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